Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological theory of human development provides a useful theoretical framework for investigating sport-related issues from a global perspective.The purpose of utilizing a theoretical framework is to guide investigations focusing on phenomena by directing the questions asked, the design of the study, the data collection procedures, and the interpretation of findings (Riddick & Russell, 2008).Therefore, to add insight into sportsmanship behavior, Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory of human development will provide a basis for analyzing and interpreting the development of sportsmanship behavior from a life span and ecological systems perspective.The ecology of human development was defined as.."the scientific study of the progressive, mutual accommodation, throughout the life course, between an active, growing human being, and the changing properties of the immediate settings in which the developing person lives, as this process is affected by the relations between these settings, and by the larger context, in which the settings are embedded" (Bronfenbrenner, 1989; p.188).In essence, each person lives at the center of their ecosystem, and is greatly affected by interactions taking place in several ecosystems around them.These ecosystems include..1.Microsystems (e.G.Family, friends, and sports/team).2.Mesosystems (e.G.Family-school; family-team; family-sport club).3.Exosystem (e.G.School board; athletic associations; sport associations).4.Macrosystem (e.G.Society; politics; economy).5.Chronosystem (context of time).The microsystem represents the intimate social and immediate physical environment while the mesosystem is the process of interaction.The exosystem includes external networks which directly or indirectly influence a person, while the macrosystem defines the prevailing societal framework.Taken together, these systems represent the social context of human development.Positioning the individual and their ecosystem in the context of time creates the last system, the chronosystem.As human development progresses, interactions within the ecological system increases in complexity, remaining dynamic, bidirectional and transactional (see figure 1.1 page 14).In essence, the proposed investigations seek to create a greater understanding of the ways in which perceptions of sportsmanship behavior generate sportsmanship knowledge over time.The model's framework references the potentiality to understand the salience and prevalence of the individual systems throughout a life span of development, hypothesizing their effect in accordance with the specific research questions.Furthermore, a sequential design methodology incorporated into much of one's research agenda may provide greater understanding of the developing perceptions of sport competence and psychological growth with respect to societal support and direction, as a function of social change and cumulative effect over the lifespan.
Saturday, September 8, 2012
Critically Examining Sportsmanship From a Contextual Theoretical Approach
Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological theory of human development provides a useful theoretical framework for investigating sport-related issues from a global perspective.The purpose of utilizing a theoretical framework is to guide investigations focusing on phenomena by directing the questions asked, the design of the study, the data collection procedures, and the interpretation of findings (Riddick & Russell, 2008).Therefore, to add insight into sportsmanship behavior, Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory of human development will provide a basis for analyzing and interpreting the development of sportsmanship behavior from a life span and ecological systems perspective.The ecology of human development was defined as.."the scientific study of the progressive, mutual accommodation, throughout the life course, between an active, growing human being, and the changing properties of the immediate settings in which the developing person lives, as this process is affected by the relations between these settings, and by the larger context, in which the settings are embedded" (Bronfenbrenner, 1989; p.188).In essence, each person lives at the center of their ecosystem, and is greatly affected by interactions taking place in several ecosystems around them.These ecosystems include..1.Microsystems (e.G.Family, friends, and sports/team).2.Mesosystems (e.G.Family-school; family-team; family-sport club).3.Exosystem (e.G.School board; athletic associations; sport associations).4.Macrosystem (e.G.Society; politics; economy).5.Chronosystem (context of time).The microsystem represents the intimate social and immediate physical environment while the mesosystem is the process of interaction.The exosystem includes external networks which directly or indirectly influence a person, while the macrosystem defines the prevailing societal framework.Taken together, these systems represent the social context of human development.Positioning the individual and their ecosystem in the context of time creates the last system, the chronosystem.As human development progresses, interactions within the ecological system increases in complexity, remaining dynamic, bidirectional and transactional (see figure 1.1 page 14).In essence, the proposed investigations seek to create a greater understanding of the ways in which perceptions of sportsmanship behavior generate sportsmanship knowledge over time.The model's framework references the potentiality to understand the salience and prevalence of the individual systems throughout a life span of development, hypothesizing their effect in accordance with the specific research questions.Furthermore, a sequential design methodology incorporated into much of one's research agenda may provide greater understanding of the developing perceptions of sport competence and psychological growth with respect to societal support and direction, as a function of social change and cumulative effect over the lifespan.
Development Through The Lifespan Online Test Bank For Berk Development Through The Lifespan Fifth Edition
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What to Consider When Purchasing DCIM Solutions for Your Large or Small Business
Optimizing your IT data center assets is not as difficult of a process as many believe.The solutions that are provided within DCIM software takes care of the many headaches managers deal with on a daily basis.The areas that DCIM software set out to solve are inventory uploads, asset locations, capacity planning, energy allocation, performance metrics, and much more.The benefits of a successful DCIM implementation are as follows..- Visual mapping of IT assets across unlimited locations.- Maximize return on investment (ROI) through properly allocating energy resources.- Plan future data center expansions, cooling needs, storage upgrades.- Prepare optimized IT asset layouts.- Monitor cooling, heating, and space uses in real-time.- Learn the needs of your IT infrastructure to plan for future requirements.- Increase the lifespan of all IT assets.- DCIM solutions provide this list of benefits and have the potential to open many new doors for you business or organization.An important decision for any IT director when it comes to choosing how to properly manage their energy usage in regards to data racks will be related to their data center management solution that they choose to deploy.Selecting the most effective data center to be the home of your or your clients data should not be a simple and quick decision.It's important for decision makers to carry out in-depth research and analyze all potential options when it comes to data center management solutions.When choosing a data center to house your infrastructure and data it's important to carry out quality research and take a close look at several potential solutions.It's very common for IT professionals and decision makers to have several phone discussions and even visits on site before making a decision.This may help to resolve any lingering questions related to capacity, benefits, and features of the specific storage center, and overall helps the decision maker to discover which firm is going to be liable when it comes to the security of their data.It's also highly recommended that a possible data center solution is presented to the entire IT department before any decision is made, and a line of communication between IT professionals and company decision makers is put in place.This way all parties will be able to discuss what their needs will be, and how to best utilize the new software that purchase.It's quite common that the ones most often in the analytics software are those who have the least amount of say in the final product that is deployed.
Friday, September 7, 2012
Learn How Stains Are Eliminated From Asphalt Shingles!
As many as eighty percent of American homes use asphalt shingles; their popularity is due to low installation cost, excellent insulation properties and looks.Despite these qualities, this substance is prone to stains and discoloration caused by the growth of microorganisms.It not only ruins the look of the roof but can also shortens its lifespan and causes costly repairs.Therefore, one may wonder how to deal these type of stains.Following are some pertinent answers.Staining Agents.Before tackling the removal of such stains, it is important to first understand how they develop in order to properly address the problem.Discoloration on asphalt shingles can be caused by various microscopic growths, such as moss, algae and fungus.Warm Climates - These microbes generally thrive in places with warm humid climates as such conditions support growth.Shady Trees - Even roofs that are not in warm humid areas can suffer from these problems; ones that are situated directly under tree branches can develop moss, algae and fungus as well.The shade from the trees along with the rotting leaves deposited on the roof can create an ideal environment for microbes to thrive.Additives - Some asphalt shingles use crushed limestone as an additive.While this material helps to strengthen the shingles, it also promotes the growth of microbes, particularly algae as it is attracted to calcium carbonate.While such discoloration may seem like a simple aesthetic problem, the growth of these microorganisms can actually hasten the deterioration of a roof and cut its lifespan as much as in half, causing costly repairs and the need for replacement sooner than expected.Safety First.Before tackling any stain removal job, keep in mind that such a job can be very physically demanding.There is a great risk of falling when climbing onto a roof, especially those with steep slopes.Severe microbe growth even increases the risk of falling as it makes a roof slippery.Therefore, before climbing onto this structure, it is important to first think of physical capabilities.If the job seems too risky, it would be better to consider a professional to do the job.Stain Removal Tips.The growths that cause such dirty stains can be easily removed using chemicals.There are plenty of solutions that can be used in this process.The two most common chemicals are sodium chloride and trisodium phosphate.The ratio is usually one quart of sodium chloride and one quarter cup of trisodium phosphate mixed with one gallon of water.The mixture should be sprayed directly over the area and left on for fifteen to twenty minutes which is the proper amount of time for chemicals to have an effect on the microbes.It may take as many as two to three applications for stubborn growth to be completely eradicated; however, it should be remembered that even though a roof may be clear of these pesky growths, they may eventually come back.For a long-lasting solution, insert copper or zinc strips along the ridge of the building top.The metal disperses residue during a rainfall which is toxic to microbes, upsetting their growth.If trees are the cause of the growth, be sure the branches that hang over the roof are removed or at least cleaned regularly to clear off any debris so it does not become a breeding ground for microbes.Stains caused by microbial growth are an eyesore and can shorten the life span of a roof; therefore, they should be addressed immediately.Hopefully this article has provided some helpful information regarding both immediate and long-term solutions for the discoloration on roofs which is caused by the continued development of moss, algae, and fungus!
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10 Ways to Maximize Your Body's Life Span
Your body is a precious house in which amazing unimaginable things do take place.It is in your body that a brain is carried that thinks thoughts to build a destiny and a future.It is within the body that food is processed, nutrients absorbed and toxins thrown out of the body.The same unit comprises many systems that work together to keep it busy and alive Such systems as the blood circulatory system, digestive system, respiratory system, excretory system, neurological system to name a few.All these systems feed from each other to make the body as lively as possible.The collapse of one system affects all the other systems and eventually the body may deteriorate and die.The difference between those who live to over 100 and those who can barely cross over the age of 35 is sometimes in how bodies are taken care of.I have spoken to a number of people who are over seventy and yet look very young in terms of how they do it.I realized there is no magic about it.It is all straight forward and to the point.If you take care of the body you have, it has capacity to take care of your well-being.Their simple answers - not in order of importance.1.Exercise is key - the body requires exercise daily.A lot of people eat and sleep hence they gain so much weight.Exercise helps to burn that accumulation of fat leaving the body healthy and the heart operating at optimum levels.Sometimes walking and jogging daily are recommended to keep the body fit.You can live longer this way.Always sitting in your car is convenient but not good for your health.It makes your body so lethargic and not alert and ready for anything.Find a way to exercise each day.We live in a very convenient world where we have escalators to take us through high rise buildings, cars take us to places faster.This is all good but the body needs time to work out and revitalize.2.Bath regularly - Bathing is not an option for those who like looking good.Indeed it makes you refresh and look good but in the same process you remove excess oils from the body, you remove dead cells which accumulate on the surface of the body and all the germs that come in the sweat.Bathing prevents the onset of disease.It is easy to be sick if you do not enjoy fellowship with water.The bare minimum is to bath once a day but two would be best, in the morning before your meet the public in your busy life and in the evening before you retire to bed.3.Oil your body - Lotion help close the pores on the body surface after bathing.This prevents the unnecessary loss of water from the body.Also the skin problem that including cracking etc are prevented with the application of oils to the body.There are some facial lotions that have sun protection in them to allow your face not to be burnt by the direct sun.This is important.There is also nothing wrong in applying face lifts when aging begins to show on your face.It helps a lot.4.Drink lots of water - Water is an essential element of one's health.The body is predominantly water and yet some people take days to drink water.The recommended water requirements is 3 glasses of water a day.I would say that instead of taking these glasses all at once, you space them out.Drinking gallons of water at once will stress out the kidneys and excretory system unnecessarily.You can only absorb so much water.The bulk of conditions or diseases people face is because there is not much water in the system.Avoid cholera by taking clean water or distill or boil the water you have if you are not sure of the source.You have to be jealous of your body.Carry a bottle of water wherever you go as a reminder.When you are thirsty it is not time for a soda, it is actually time for water.5.Shave, shave, shave - The body must look good.You look and feel old when you keep unnecessary hair all over your body.You can shave hair on your head or keep it clean as well as armpits and close to your private sections of the body.This keeps your feeling healthy and refreshed hence in your mind you are renewed.Sometimes people look old because of the thoughts of age which are created out of the image they carry.6.Clothe the body - You body needs clothes to protect it from heat and cold.Some bodies suffer in the hands of "being fashionable".Cover all the essential elements of your body and avoid people feeling either sorry or angry about how you dress.Consider always how you want people to treat you.Consider more-so the male counterparts who I must say get affected by what they see.I have heard of numerous rape cases that happen all over the world because a woman was not even dressed as she walked in the streets.Now I am not saying men must be loose in their minds but you increase your risk of corrupting your own body by dressing in a funny way in the name of creativity.There is a time and place for creative dressing.It must be underscored however that no matter how young your face may look, your clothes may make you feel and look older.7.Eat nutritious healthy foods - This is by far the best way to live longer.You are what you eat actually.Certain foods that our bodies may crave for are the ones that shorten our life spans.Deep fried items like chips or "fries", burgers and so on are foods prepared in a hurry and sometimes not careful thought is put into the harmful effects of each food item.I am not downplaying fast foods but natural foods are better.If you always eat junk good, obesity is not far from you and disease is looming, waiting to attack your body.Watch everything that you present to your digestive system closely.8.Take time to rest a lot - This is the best treat your body deserves each day.Sleep a minimum of 6 hours a day.I rarely do this and I know there is a time I need to rest more.Sometimes I push myself all night, working so hard.When this particular sentence was typed it was early in the morning after not have slept properly.I know I must speak about what I practice, it is not good and I know that but I unnecessarily subject myself to pressure sometimes as I work best and produce more under pressure than in a relaxed state.Take your family on holiday, away from a busy productive life.When you return you will be even more productive.9.Boost your immune system - Certain foods and pills that you take can help boost your immune system to be able to fight diseases.This is linked so much to food but I felt it needed to be said separately.You can take additional minerals and vitamin supplements which are not necessarily food or medication but pills that boost your body's levels of the two.Supplements prevent the common flues and other minor diseases that your body can be subjected to.Your body is made in a way that it fights every kind of disease.10.Visit a specialist regularly - A visit to the doctor for checkups is important.You are not enriching the doctor but taking care of your own body.Where you see your body failing to fight disease, please take it to a specialist who can give you advice on what to take in order to supplement your immune system.You regularly take your car to your mechanic for checkup and service, just as well you need to schedule regular checkup and body maintenance.I know the recommendation to see a dentist twice a year.Visit your general doctor for checkups at least once a year even though you feel healthy and increase that if you have a chronic illness.You can live so much longer.
What Are The Requirements for Accelerated Nursing Programs?
The U.S.Department of Labor's recent estimate reveals the country would be in need of a million registered nurses in the next 5-6 years.Now, if you are a graduate in any discipline and looking for employment, you are probably at the right place at the right time.The new accelerated nursing program is designed with people like you in mind.This program offers you the chance to qualify as a registered nurse at a quick pace and start earning.So if you enjoy being of service to others, yet do not have the time to spend 3-4 years for further study, then you should apply for this program.Just read up on the accelerated nursing program requirements listed below and gear up for the program.What is the Accelerated Baccalaureate and Master's Degrees in Nursing?The fast-track or accelerated baccalaureate program in nursing can be completed in 11 to 18 months.On completion of your study you become a registered nurse (RN).The accelerated master's degree in nursing takes about three years to complete.Both the programs are intensive, completing programmatic objectives in a short time; the learning process in the accelerated programs builds extensively on your previous education experience.The program provides you with equal hours of clinical exposure as you would in a traditional nursing course.These courses are held in 43 states across the US, in the District of Columbia and Guam.At present there are nearly 270 accelerated baccalaureate programs and more than 70 fast-track master's programs available in America.You must be a graduate or possess a bachelor's degree in any discipline to be eligible to apply for the baccalaureate program.What Are the Accelerated Nursing Program Requirements?To be eligible you must have a minimum of a 3.0 in your Grade Point Average (GPA).Since these intensive programs are full time with no breaks for sessions you will be encouraged not to work during the study.Your application process will also require you to go through a very thorough prescreening process where your capabilities and skills will be judged.The College of Nursing runs the Accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing (ACC BSN) for 16 months during each fall and spring on its South Carolina campus.The basic requirements for admission are -.A 3.0 in GPA on a 4.0 scale.A 'C' grade in the prerequisite courses.You must have passed in 3 out of 4 science courses - human anatomy, physiology, microbiology and elective science.3 references.A 100-word essay.A resume.Volunteer or work experience in a healthcare facility is an added qualification.Prerequisites for Graduate Applicants.If you are a graduate you must have gone through the following courses by the time you complete your studies at the College of Nursing.These are..Life span human growth and development.Human anatomy.Human physiology.Microbiology.Statistics.Science elective.Prerequisites for under graduates are..English composition/literature.Lifespan human growth and development.Human anatomy.Human physiology.Microbiology.Statistics.Science elective.Social science and humanities electives.General electives.The application deadlines in the College of Nursing are as follows..January 15 for regular admissions and November 15 for priority admissions for fall semesters;.September 15 for regular admissions and August 15 for priority admissions for spring semesters.What Scholarships Are Given in this Program?Scholarships or financial aid for students in the accelerated nursing program is still not wide-spread.Some of the nurse employers who are doing their bit are the Carondelet Health Network, Tenet Healthcare, and North Carolina Baptist Hospital, Duke University Health System,University of Missouri Health Care and some others.
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